Fujian's Historical Development

Name Origin
It is named after the two prefectures of Fuzhou and Jianzhou, each taking its first character. In the 21st year of the Kaiyuan reign of the Tang Dynasty (733 AD), the Fujian Provincial Governor began to appear in Fujian.
Organizational history
Minyue King Wuzhou
Fujian, in ancient times, belonged to the Minyue region of Baiyue. In the "Yu Gong", it belonged to Yangzhou, and in the Zhou Dynasty, it was part of the Seven Min region. After the Spring and Autumn period, it became the state of Minyue. Qinnanping Baiyue established Minzhong Commandery.
In the fifth year of the reign of Emperor Gaozu of Han (202 BC), he recognized Fu Wuzhou as the King of Minyue here. In the third year of Emperor Hui of Han (193 BC), the territory of Min and Yue was divided, and Dai Yao was appointed as the Prince of Donghai. In the sixth year of the Jianyuan era (135 BC), the descendants of Fu Wu, Fu Chou, were enfeoffed as the King of Minyao, and Yu Shan was re enfeoffed as the King of Dongyue. In the fifth year of the Yuanding era (112 BC), the Minyue Kingdom rebelled, and Emperor Wu of Han led his army to quell the rebellion. Due to the dangerous terrain, the Minyue people were relocated to the Jianghuai River Basin, and Fujian was under the jurisdiction of the Southern Commander of Kuaiji.
After the northward migration of Minyue Kingdom, starting from the second year of Han Shiyuan (85 BC), when Han recognized Yexian and established the Eastern Commandery, the Eastern Commandery moved from Yexian to Zhang'an (Huipu), leaving officials to manage Yexian, which was under the jurisdiction of Kuaiji County. From the establishment of the Southern Commandery to the formal establishment of Jian'an County in the twelfth year of Jian'an (207 BC), Fujian was under the military control of the dynasty. [11]

During the Three Kingdoms period, it belonged to the State of Wu and established Jian'an Commandery, which governed 9 counties including Jian'an, Nanping, Jiangle, Jianping (Jianyang), Dongping (Songxi), Zhaowu, Wuxing (Pucheng), as well as Houguan and Dong'an (Nan'an, Tong'an).

Quanzhou, the Capital of East Asian Culture
Quanzhou, the Capital of East Asian Culture (13 photos)
In the third year of Taikang of the Western Jin Dynasty (282 AD), Jian'an Commandery was dismantled into Jian'an and Jin'an Commanderies. During the Tianjian period of the Liang Dynasty (502-519 AD), a new Liang'an Commandery was established from Jin'an Commandery, which governed Xinghua, Quan, Zhang and other areas. From the Jin and Song dynasties to the Qi and Liang dynasties, Fujian was initially under the jurisdiction of Yangzhou. In the sixth year of the Tongping era (525 AD), the three counties of Jian'an, Jin'an, and Nan'an under Fujian were placed under the jurisdiction of Dongyangzhou. During the Yongding period of the Chen Dynasty (557-559 AD), Emperor Wu of Chen established "Minzhou" to govern Chen Baoying, which was the * * provincial-level administrative system in Fujian's history. The state seat was located in Jin'an (now Fuzhou), with jurisdiction over Jian, Jin, and Nan commanderies. In the sixth year of Tianjia (565 AD), Minzhou was abolished and returned to Dongyangzhou.
In the third year of the Daye reign of the Sui Dynasty (607 AD), Jian'an, Jin'an, and Nan'an commanderies were merged into one and named Jian'an commandery; The original 15 counties were merged into four (namely Min County, Jian'an, Nan'an, and Longxi). The county seat was moved from Jian'an (Jianou) to Min County. In the early years of Tang Wude, Quan, Jian, and Feng provinces were established, with 10 counties under their jurisdiction. The number of states and counties is two to three times that of the Sui Dynasty.
Seaside City - Xiamen
Seaside City - Xiamen (9 photos)
During the Tang Dynasty, Fujian was under the jurisdiction of Jiangnan Road. In the second year of Jingyun (711 AD), the Fujian Governor's Office was established, with jurisdiction over the five provinces of Fujian, Jian, Quan, Zhang, and Chao. In the 13th year of the Kaiyuan era (725 AD), the Fujian Governor's Office was renamed as the Fuzhou Governor's Office, under the jurisdiction of Jiangnan East Road, marking the beginning of the name Fuzhou. In the 21st year of the Kaiyuan era (733 AD), in order to strengthen the armed forces for border defense, a military commander and strategist were established. Taking one character each from Fuzhou and Jianzhou, he was named the Fujian Military Governor and coexisted with the Fuzhou Governor's Office. This is the beginning of the name Fujian. [11]
During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Fujian was successively occupied by the states of Min, Yin, Southern Tang, and Wu Yue, and its regional names underwent several changes.
In the fourth year of Changxing in the Later Tang Dynasty (933 AD), Wang Yanjun proclaimed himself emperor and changed the country's name to Damin. He changed the name to Longqi and promoted Fuzhou to Changle Prefecture, known as the Eastern Capital, and governed the five states of Fu, Quan, Jian, Ting, and Zhang.
Minwang Wang Shenzhi, Minwang Wang Shenzhi
During the Northern Song Dynasty, Fujian Road was established and its administrative divisions were divided into six provinces: Fu, Jian, Quan, Zhang, Ting, and Nanjian, as well as two armies: Shaowu and Xinghua. During the reign of Emperor Xiaozong of the Southern Song Dynasty, Jianzhou was promoted to Jianning Prefecture. Fujian Road therefore includes one prefecture, five states, and two armies; Fu, Zhou, and Jun are actually the same level of administrative institutions, totaling 8, so Fujian is known as the "Eight Min". At this time, there were 42 counties in Fujian Province, making it the prosperous state in the southeast.
In the first year of the Jingyan reign of the Song Dynasty (1276), the Yuan army captured the Song capital of Lin'an (now Hangzhou), and Emperor Zhao Xian was captured. Prince Yi Zhao Shi and Prince Guang Zhao Yang fled to Fuzhou. Lu Xiufu, Chen Yizhong, and others supported Zhao Shi to ascend to the throne in Fuzhou, changed the name to Jingyan, promoted Fuzhou to Fu'an Prefecture, and designated it as Xingxing, striving to restore the Song dynasty's territory. Later, due to Wang Jiweng's rebellion, Nanjianzhou fell and Fuzhou was captured by the Yuan army. The emperor was supported by courtiers to cross the sea to Guangdong.
Jinjiang Wang Liucong Xiao Jinjiang Wang Liucong Xiao
During the Yuan Dynasty, Fujian and other places were established as the Central Secretariat. In the fifteenth year of the Zhiyuan era (1278), the province was established in Quanzhou. In the 18th year of the Zhiyuan era (1281), he moved to Fuzhou and returned to Quanzhou the following year. In the 20th year of the Zhiyuan era (1282), he moved to Fuzhou again. In the 22nd year of the Zhiyuan era (1284), it was incorporated into the Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. In the 23rd year of the Zhiyuan era (1285), it was reestablished. The following year, it was changed to the Ministry of Personnel.
In the 28th year of the Zhiyuan era (1290), it was incorporated into Jiangxi. In the 29th year of the Zhiyuan era (1291), the Xingzhongshu Province was still established. In the first year of Dade (1297), the Fujian Pinghai Xingzhongshu Province was established and relocated to Quanzhou. Revoked in the third year of Dade (1299). In the 16th year of the Zhizheng reign (1356), it was reestablished.
In the first year of the Hongwu reign of the Ming Dynasty (1368), the eight routes in Fujian Province were reorganized into eight prefectures: Fuzhou, Jianning, Yanping, Shaowu, Xinghua, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, and Tingzhou. In the ninth year of the Hongwu reign (1376), the Fujian and other administrative departments were established as the political envoys. In the ninth year of Chenghua (1473), Funing Prefecture, which had been abolished as a county, was restored and placed directly under the jurisdiction of the Governor's Office. In the Ming Dynasty, Fujian established eight prefectures and one prefecture. In May of the second year of the Shunzhi reign of the Qing Dynasty (1645), Qing soldiers captured Nanjing, and Emperor Hongguang of the Southern Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yousong, was captured and killed. Zheng Hongkui, Su Guansheng, and others welcomed Tang King Zhu Yujian to Fujian. In June, Zhu Yujian ascended to the throne in Fuzhou, established the Longwu era, changed Fujian to Fujing, and Fuzhou to Tianxing Prefecture. The following year, the Longwu regime was overthrown.
Yanping Wang Zheng Chenggong Yanping Wang Zheng Chenggong
In the Qing Dynasty, Fujian inherited the Ming system and established the Fujian Provincial Administration. The province has eight prefectures including Fuzhou, Xinghua, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Yanping, Jianning, Shaowu, Tingzhou, and Funing Prefecture. In the 13th year of the Shunzhi reign (1656), Zheng Chenggong changed Xiamen to "Siming Prefecture". In the first year of Kangxi reign (1662), Zheng Chenggong expelled Dutch colonizers and renamed Taiwan as the Eastern Capital, establishing Chengtian Prefecture, Tianxing and Wannian counties, and setting up a pacification office in Penghu. When Zheng Jing governed Taiwan, he renamed Dongdu as Dongning and elevated Tianxing and Wannian counties to prefectures. In the 23rd year of the Kangxi reign (1684), after the Qing court unified Taiwan, Taiwan Prefecture was established, which was under the jurisdiction of Fujian and consisted of three counties and one department. In the second year of Yongzheng (1724), Funing Prefecture was promoted to Funing Prefecture; In the twelfth year (1734), Yongchun and Longyan counties were promoted to Zhili Prefecture. In the eleventh year of the Guangxu reign (1885), Taiwan Prefecture was established as a separate province. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, Fujian Province had a total of 9 prefectures, 2 states, 58 counties, and 2 departments.
There are also four divisions between provinces and prefectures as dispatching agencies: Ningfu Road is stationed in Fuzhou and governs Fuzhou Prefecture and Funing Prefecture; Xingquan Yongdao is stationed in Xiamen and governs Xinghua Prefecture, Quanzhou Prefecture, and Yongchun Prefecture; The Tingzhang Longdao is stationed in Zhangzhou and governs Tingzhou Prefecture, Zhangzhou Prefecture, and Longyan Prefecture; Yanjian Shaodao is stationed in Nanping and governs Yanping Prefecture, Jianning Prefecture, and Shaowu Prefecture. In addition, the Qing Dynasty established the Governor General of Fujian and Zhejiang (stationed in Fuzhou or Hangzhou) and the Governor General of Fujian in Fujian. The supervision and pacification were originally temporarily established, but have not been abolished since then. Due to the great power of supervision and pacification, he became the highest military and civil affairs official in the province, and the former official provincial level officials - the governor and inspector - were replaced by subordinate officials. In addition, the Qing Dynasty also established garrison generals who were in charge of the Manchu garrison troops. Originally unrelated to local administration, they were also in charge of customs, grain storage roads, and salt law roads, thus becoming provincial-level officials.
After the Xinhai Revolution, all successive central governments established Fujian Province. In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), the system of prefectures and states was abolished, and four observation envoys were established for the east, south, west, and north routes. In the 3-16 years of the Republic of China (1914-1927), four roads were established, including Minhai Road, Xiamen Road, Tingzhang Road, and Jian'an Road; Merge Min County and Houguan into Minhou County, and Jian'an and Ouning into Jianou County; Change Yongchun Prefecture and Longyan Prefecture to Yongchun County and Longyan County; Abolish the departmental system and transform Pingtan and Yunxiao into counties; Xiamen Island, separated from Tong'an County, was established as Siming County. After reform, there are 4 provinces and 61 counties in the province, still operating at the provincial, provincial, and county levels. At the end of 1934, the Dao system was abolished and became a two-level system consisting of provinces and counties; Set up 10 administrative inspection commissioner districts, stationed in Changle, Fu'an, Nanping, Xianyou, Tong'an, Zhangpu, Longyan, Changting, Shaowu, Pucheng and other places.
Fujian Humanities Map Fujian Humanities Map
This is the beginning of the division of Fujian into special zones. After a trial period, it was reorganized into 7 administrative supervision areas. Before and after this, adjustments were also made to counties and cities. In 1928, Hua'an County was separated from Longxi County; In 1933, Siming County was renamed Xiamen City; In 1934, Guangze County was transferred to Jiangxi Province (returned in 1949); In 1940, a portion of Sha County, Mingxi County, and Yong'an County were separated to establish Sanyuan County, and a portion of Jianou County was separated to establish Shuiji County; In 1945, two special zones, Zheyang (formerly Xiapu) and Zhoudun (formerly Ningde), were rebuilt into Zherong and Zhouning counties. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, various regions in Fujian formed anti Japanese armed forces to carry out guerrilla warfare behind enemy lines. In 1946, the Gulou, Nantai, Cangshan and other areas of Minhou County were separated to establish Fuzhou City.
In this way, from 1946 to the eve of liberation in 1949, the province was divided into 7 administrative inspection districts, 2 cities, and 67 counties. On May 9, 1949, the Second Field Army of the Chinese People's Liberation Army liberated Chong'an County, followed by several counties in northern Fujian. On August 17, 1949, the Third Field Army of the Chinese People's Liberation Army liberated Fuzhou. After the establishment of the People's Republic of China, the People's Government of Fujian Province was stationed in Fuzhou City, directly under the jurisdiction of Fuzhou and Xiamen, with 8 special districts and 67 counties. [11]
Starting from April 1, 1950, the offices of * * to the Eighth Administrative Inspectorate were renamed as the county names where their respective offices were located, namely Jianou, Nanping, Fu'an, Minhou (formerly known as Linsen for the Fourth Administrative Office), Jinjiang, Longxi, Yong'an, and Longyan Administrative Inspectorate Offices.
In 1951, county-level cities Quanzhou and Zhangzhou were established and placed under the jurisdiction of Jinjiang Special Zone and Longxi Special Zone respectively. Jianou Special Zone was renamed Jianyang Special Zone; In 1953, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou, which were previously led by Jinjiang Special Zone and Longxi Special Zone, were transferred to provincial jurisdiction.
Fujian's three major central cities: Fuzhou, Xiamen, and Quanzhou
Three major central cities in Fujian: Fuzhou, Xiamen, and Quanzhou (2 photos)
In 1956, Nanping City was established as a provincial-level city; Revoke the three special zones of Minhou, Yong'an, and Jianyang, transfer Minhou County, which was originally under the jurisdiction of Minhou Special Zone, to the direct jurisdiction of the province, transfer Minqing County, which was originally under the jurisdiction of Minhou Special Zone, to the jurisdiction of Nanping Special Zone, transfer Lianjiang, Changle, and Luoyuan counties to the jurisdiction of Fu'an Special Zone, and transfer Fuqing, Yongtai, Pingtan and other counties to the jurisdiction of Jinjiang Special Zone; Revoke Yong'an Special Zone, transfer Mingxi and Sanyuan counties under its jurisdiction to Nanping Special Zone, transfer Datian County to Jinjiang Special Zone, and transfer Yong'an, Ninghua, and Qingliu to Longyan Special Zone; Revoke the Jianyang Special Zone and transfer all nine counties under its jurisdiction, including Jianou, Pucheng, Shaowu, Jianyang, Chong'an, Songxi, Zhenghe, Guangze, and Shuiji, to the jurisdiction of the Nanping Special Zone; Revoke Shuiji, Zherong, and Ningyang counties, and merge Sanyuan and Mingxi counties to rename Sanming County.
Zhangzhou Nanjing Tulou Zhangzhou Nanjing Tulou
In 1958, Quanzhou City, which was originally directly under the provincial government, was placed under the jurisdiction of Jinjiang Special Zone Office, Zhangzhou City was placed under the jurisdiction of Longxi Special Zone Office, Nanping City was placed under the jurisdiction of Nanping Special Zone, Minhou County was placed under the jurisdiction of Fuzhou City, and Tong'an County was placed under the jurisdiction of Xiamen City. [11] In 1959, the Minhou Special Zone was restored, with jurisdiction over eight counties including Minhou, Minqing, Lianjiang, Changle, Luoyuan, Fuqing, Yongtai, and Pingtan, and a special agency stationed in Minhou County.
In 1960, Sanming City was established under the direct jurisdiction of the province, Qingning County was established, and Qingliu and Ninghua counties were abolished; Revoke Nanping County and merge it into Nanping City. In 1963, Sanming Special Zone was established, and Sanming City was placed under the jurisdiction of Sanming Special Administration.
In 1970, seven special districts including Nanping, Fu'an, Minhou, Jinjiang, Longxi, Longyan, and Sanming were converted into regions. In 1971, the Minhou area was renamed as the Putian area, with the administrative office located in Putian County; The Fu'an area was renamed as Ningde area, with the administrative office located in Ningde County; Nanping area was renamed Jianyang area, with the administrative office located in Jianyang County. In 1973, Minhou County, which belonged to Putian area, was placed under the jurisdiction of Fuzhou City. In 1975, Zherong County was restored and placed under the jurisdiction of Ningde area. Revoke Songzheng County and restore Zhenghe County and Songxi County, which are under the management of Jianyang area. In 1981, Longyan County was abolished and renamed as Longyan City (county-level), under the jurisdiction of the Longyan Regional Administration on behalf of the province.
Zhangzhou Bihu Ecological Park
In April 1983, the Putian area was renamed Putian City, expanding the jurisdiction of Fuzhou. The five counties of Minqing, Yongtai, Fuqing, Changle, and Pingtan, which were originally under the jurisdiction of Putian region, and the two counties of Lianjiang and Luoyuan, which were under the jurisdiction of Ningde region, were transferred to Fuzhou. In addition to the original Minhou County, Fuzhou has a total of eight counties under its jurisdiction; Revoke the Sanming region, upgrade Sanming City from a county-level city to a prefecture level city, and transfer the 10 counties of Yong'an, Ninghua, Qingliu, Mingxi, Jianning, Taining, Jiangle, Shaxian, Youxi, and Datian that were previously under the jurisdiction of Sanming region to Sanming City. In September, Putian City (prefecture level) was established, and the two counties of Putian and Xianyou, which were originally under the jurisdiction of Putian area, were placed under the leadership of Putian City. Revoke Shaowu County and establish Shaowu City (county-level), which will be under the jurisdiction of the Jianyang Regional Administration on behalf of the province.
In September 1984, Yong'an County was abolished and Yong'an City (county-level) was established, which was placed under the jurisdiction of Sanming City on behalf of the province. In 1985, Zhangzhou City was upgraded to a prefecture level city and the Longxi area was abolished. Longhai, Yunxiao, Zhangpu, Zhao'an, Changtai, Dongshan, Nanjing, Pinghe, and Hua'an counties were transferred to Zhangzhou City; Quanzhou City was upgraded to a prefecture level city, and the Jinjiang area was abolished. Huian, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Anxi, Yongchun, Dehua, and Jinmen counties were transferred to Quanzhou City. In 1987, two county-level administrative institutions were newly established in Shishi City and Huli District of Xiamen City; The suburbs of Xiamen City have been renamed Jimei District.
Changes in Administrative Divisions of Fujian Province
In 1988, the administrative office of Jianyang District was relocated from Jianyang County to Nanping City and renamed Nanping District. Nanping Administrative Office still governed Nanping City, Shaowu City, Jianyang County, Jianou County, Shunchang County, Pucheng County, Chong'an County, Songxi County, Zhenghe County, and Guangze County; Revoke Ningde County and establish Ningde City (county-level city) as the administrative office of Ningde Region. On August 21, 1989, Chong'an County was abolished and Mount Wuyi City (county-level city) was established; On November 13th, Fu'an County was abolished and Fu'an City (county-level city) was established.
On August 15, 1990, Zhangping County was abolished and Zhangping City (county-level city) was established; On December 26th, Fuqing County was abolished and Fuqing City (county-level city) was established. In 1992, Jinjiang County was abolished and Jinjiang City (county-level) was established; Revoke Jianou County and establish Jianou City (county-level city), with the original administrative divisions unchanged and no increase in institutions or staffing. In 1994, Nanping area was abolished and Nanping City (prefecture level city) was established; Revoke Nanping City (county-level city) and establish Yanping District; Revoke Changle County and establish Changle City (county-level city); Revoke Jianyang County and establish Jianyang City (county-level city). In 1999, the Ningde region was abolished and Ningde City (prefecture level) was established. The original Ningde City was renamed Jiaocheng District.
In May 2014, Jianyang City was abolished and Jianyang District of Nanping City was established; In December, Yongding County was abolished and Yongding District of Longyan City was established. In November 2017, Changle City was abolished and Changle District was established in Fuzhou City.
In January 2021, Xindian Town and Maxiang Town in Xiang'an District, Xiamen City were abolished, and Xindian Street and Maxiang Street in Xiang'an District were established, with the original administrative area unchanged.
On February 3, 2021, Longhai City was abolished and Longhai District of Zhangzhou City was established; Revoke Changtai County and establish Changtai District in Zhangzhou City; Revoke Meilie District and Sanyuan District of Sanming City and establish a new Sanyuan District of Sanming City; Revoke Shaxian and establish Shaxian District in Sanming City.